Today in History: Joan of Arc was Burned at the Stake

Most people only know Joan of Arc as the girl that was burned at the stake. Little is known about her life, by the average person, other than that solitary fact. Some believe that she was the girl that pretended to be a boy in order to fight in the Hundred Years War for France, though Joan was much more than that. Long before Joan was burned at the stake for heresy, which has been widely disputed as being an unnecessary action of the English at the time, she was a young girl who believed she was a messenger for God.

Joan was born in 1412 in Domremy, a small farming village in France. Her father was a tenant farmer in the village, which rests on the borders of Bar and Lorraine. When Joan was three, the war began though she would not become involved until much later. The village that Joan lived in, Domremy was in the middle of an extremely unstable environment, especially in the early 1420s. On one side of the village was the Dauphin of France and the other side was home to the Anglo-Burgundians. As if the environment was not dangerous enough, Joan began hearing voices around this time. The voices she claimed to hear were that of Christian saints. Joan said she heard the voices of St. Michael, St. Margaret, and St. Catherine.

Around the time that Joan was 16, the voices became more persistent, telling her that she needed to help the Dauphin capture Reims, which would gain back the French throne.

In 1428 Joan traveled to Vaucouleurs, to tell the captain there, of her visions. The captain did not believe the girl and told her to go home, but she would come back a few months later, in January, when the voices became stronger. When she returned the captain agreed to let her speak with the Dauphin.

Joan arrived dressed in men’s clothing with a group of six soldiers. Despite not knowing anyone in Chinon when she was forced to pick out Charles from a group of people (he was hiding in the crowd), she did so successfully. After Charles had Joan interrogated for weeks it was time to let Joan have what she wanted. She would be given an Army to fight for France.

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